The prophet Isaiah tells us that the servant will prosper if he admits guilt. "HaShem desired to oppress him and He afflicted him; if his soul would acknowledge guilt he would see offspring and live long days and the desire of HaShem would succeed in his hand." Y'shayahu / Isaiah 53:10. Jesus never admitted guilt. The prophet Isaiah tells us that the servant will have children and live a long life (this is how the servant prospers). Jesus did not have children Jesus did not live a long physical life. In other words: Jesus did not prosper if he was murdered by the Romans in his early 30s. Missionaries will say that Jesus lived an eternal life after his crucifixion -- indeed John 17, the passage given to "prove" that Jesus fulfilled the prophecy that he is the servant who prospered -- speaks of eternal life, not a long physical life. Unfortunately for missionaries יַאֲרִ֣יךְ יָמִ֑ים -- the expression in Y'shayahu / Isaiah 53:10 says nothing about living forever. יַאֲרִ֣יךְ יָמִ֑ים does not means eternal life. It always means a long life, but a life that eventually ends in death. See D'varim / Deuteronomy 17:20, Mishlei /Proverbs 28:16 and Kohelet / Ecclesiastes 8:13 all use this expression to speak of people (who eventually die) living long lives. Clearly Jesus failed this prophecy -- he did not live a long life. The Gospel of Matthew gives a lineage for Jesus. In it Matthew states (verse 12) that Jesus is descended through the last Davidic king -- a man named Jeconiah. "Jehoiachin was the father of Shealtiel." Matthew 1:12. Unfortunately for Matthew this disqualifies Jesus from being a messiah -- and also from being the servant mentioned in Y'shayahu / Isaiah 53:10, See Y'rmiyahu / Jeremiah 22:30 “So said the L-rd: Inscribe this man childless, a man who will not prosper in his days, for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting on the throne of David or ruling anymore in Judah.”
Thus, by his lineage, Matthew disqualifies Jesus from being G-d's servant who will prosper if he admits guilt -- having children and descendants and a long physical life. The real messiah will prosper -- see Y'rmiyahu / Jeremiah 23:5: "Behold, days are coming, says the L-rd, when I will set up of David a righteous shoot, and he shall reign a king and prosper, and he shall perform judgment and righteousness in the land." Jesus did not reign as a king. Jesus did not prosper (he was murdered). Jesus was never a judge on a Beit Din (Court of Law). Since it is clear that the servant is promised a long physical life with children if he admits guilt -- these are the conditions which ensure that he will prosper. The speaker in Y'shayahu / Isaiah 53:10 is G-d. He is speaking of the servant exalted in the messianic era -- a time when the Jews will return to the land of Israel (Y'shayahu / Isaiah 43:5-6). , the world will know G-d is one (Zechariah 14:9). the third and final Temple will be built (Y'chezkel / Ezekiel 37:26-28), and the world will be at peace (Y'shayahu / Isaiah 2:4). This is indeed a time of prosperity! The T'nach promises prosperity for the Jewish people in the messianic era. Consider: "the L-rd, your G-d, will bring back your exiles, and He will have mercy upon you. He will once again gather you from all the nations, where the L-rd, your G-d, had dispersed you. Even if your exiles are at the end of the heavens, the L-rd, your G-d, will gather you from there, and He will take you from there. He will bring you to the land that belonged to your ancestors, and you will take possession of it. He will make you more prosperous and numerous than your ancestors.. . .when you obey the L-rd, your G-d, to observe His commandments and His statutes written in this Torah scroll, [and] when you return to the L-rd, your G-d, with all your heart and with all your soul." D'varim / Deuteronomy 30:3 - 5, 10. Here is a translation along with the Artscroll Stone Edition footnotes at the bottom of each response to aid in your understanding of the passage. Y'shayahu / Isaiah 52:13 Behold, My servant will succeed; he will be exalted and become high and exceedingly lofty. 14 Just as multitudes were astonished over you (saying) "His appearance is too marred to be a man's, and his visage to be human, 15 so will the many nations exclaim about him, and kings will shut their mouths (in amazement) for they will see that which had never been told to them, and will perceive things they had never heard. 53:1 Who would believe what we have heard! For whom has the arm of HaShem been revealed? 2 In the past he grew like a sapling or like the root from dry ground; he had neither form nor beauty. We saw him, but without a desirable appearance. 3 He was despised and rejected by men, a man of pains and accustomed to being sick. As one from whom we would hide our faces; he was despised and we had no regard for him. 4 But in truth it was our ills and he carried our pains -- but we had regarded him diseased, stricken by G-d and afflicted! 5 He was wounded as a result (because of) our rebellious transgressions, and oppressed as a result our iniquities. The chastisement upon him was for our benefit, and through his wounds we were healed. 6 We have all strayed like sheep each of us turning his own way and HaShem inflicted upon him the iniquity of us all. 7 He was persecuted and afflicted but did not open his mouth; like a sheep being led to the slaughter or a ewe that is silent before her shearers, he did not open his mouth. 8 he was removed far away from the land where they lived and a plague came upon them (לָֽמוֹ / lamo) through the transgression of my people (the gentile nations). He submitted to the grave with the wicked and joined with the wealthy in his executions (בְּמֹתָ֑יו / b'motav) 9 He submitted himself to his grave like evil men; and the wealthy (submitted) to his executions for committing no crime and with no deceit in his mouth. 10 HaShem desired to oppress him and He afflicted him; if his physical being would acknowledge guilt he would see offspring and live long days and the desire or HaShem would succeed in his hand. 11. He (he servant) would see (the purpose) and be satisfied with his life's (not immortal soul) distress. With his knowledge My servant will cause the multitudes to be righteous; it is their וַעֲוֹנתָם / iniquities (for impulsive, lustful wrongdoings) that he will carry. 12. Therefore, I will assign him a portion in public and he will divide the mighty as spoils -- in return for having poured out his life for death and being counted among the wicked, for he bore the sin of the many, and prayed for the wicked. Footnotes from Artscroll Stone Edition: Isaiah 52:13 i.e. G-d's servant the people of Israel (Rashi) 52:15 Just as Israel had once been astonishingly degraded, so it will astonish the nations by its exaltedness when the time of redemption arrives. 53:1-3 this is the prophecy foretelling what the nations and their kings will exclaim when they witness Israel's rejuvenation. The nations will contrast their former scornful attitude toward the Jews (vv. 1-3) with their new realization of Israel's grandeur (vv 4-7). 53:5 we brought suffering upon Israel for our own selfish purposes; it was not, as we had claimed, that G-d was punishing Israel for its own evil behavior. 53:6 We sinned by inflicting punishment upon Israel. Such oppression is often described as "Hashem's punishment" (see 10:5, Habakkuk 1:12), for He decreed that it should happen (Abarbanel). 53:8 When Israel's exile is finally ended the nations will marvel that such a generation could have survived the expulsion from "the land of the living, i.e. Israel, that the nations had sinfully inflicted upon it. 53:9 Ordinary Jews chose to die like common criminals, rather than renounce their faith; and wealthy Jews were killed for no reason other than to enable their wicked conquerors to confiscate their riches (Radak). 53:10 That is, Israel. G-d replies to the nations that Israel's suffering was a punishment for its own sins; and when the people realize this and repent, they will be redeemed and rewarded. 53:11 Israel will teach the nations of G-d's righteousness.
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